Distribution of water

Hello there,

The distribution pipe system consists of supply mains, sub-mains, branches and laterals.

• Types of pipe Networks:

Four types of pipe network is generally used. Anyone of which is used one either singly or in combinations for a particular place.

1. Dead end system : This type of layout may have to be adopted for older towns which have developed in a haphazard manner. This system is suitable for countries which expand irregularly. This is economic system.
2. Grid Iron System: This system is suitable for well-planned towns and cities. It requires larger number of sluice valves.  This is economically and also equal pressures.
3. Ring system or circular system: Equal pressure and multiple flow paths.
4. Radial system.

• Methods of Distribution of Water:

Water may be forced into distribution system in the following three ways:

1. Gravitational system
2. Pumping system or pumping without storage system.
3. Combined gravity and pumping system called pumping with storage system.

• Pressure in Distribution system:

Greater the design pressure, the costlier it will be, but will cause more convenience to the consumers.

• Valves:

1. Sluice valve or cut-off valve: Used to control flow of water through pipe lines.
2. Air Valve: Used to release accumulated air in pipe.
3. Score Valve: Used to remove silt in a pipe line.
4. Check Valve: Used to prevent entry of pollution into the pure water.

Thanks for visit!

Reference: GK Publishers: GATE 2013